prob-, proba-, probat-, prov- +
(Latin: upright, good, honest; to try, to test, to examine; to demonstrate)
probable
1. Likely to happen or to be true: "Our basketball team is the probable winner of the tournament.
2. Likely but uncertain; plausible.
3. Having more evidence for than against or having evidence that inclines the mind to a belief but leaves some room for doubt.
probably
1. In all likelihood; very likely.
2. With considerable certainty; without much doubt.
3. Easy to believe on the basis of available evidence.
probate
1. The act of proving that an instrument purporting to be a will was signed and executed in accord with legal requirements.
2. A judicial certificate saying that a will is genuine and conferring on the executors the power to administer the estate.
3. To establish the legal validity of (wills and other documents).
probation
1. A method of dealing with offenders; especially, young people who are guilty of minor crimes or first offenses, by allowing them to go at large under supervision of a probation officer.
2. The state of having been conditionally released by a court.
3. A trial period or condition for students in certain educational institutions who are being permitted to redeem failures, misconduct, etc.
4. A trial period in which a student is given time to try to redeem failing grades or bad conduct.
5. The testing or trial of a candidate for membership in a religious body or order, for holy orders, etc.
6. A process or period in which a person's fitness, as for work or membership in a social group, is tested.
7. In law: The act of suspending the sentence of a person convicted of a criminal offense and granting that person provisional freedom with the promise of good behavior.
8. A discharge for a person from commitment as an insane person on condition of continued sanity and of being recommitted upon the reappearance of insanity.
probationer
1. Someone who is released on probation or on parole>
2. A nurse (or other employee) in training who is undergoing a trial period.
probe, probing, probed
1. In surgery, a probe is a slender flexible rod with a blunt end used to explore, for example, an opening to see where it goes.
2. A slender, flexible surgical instrument used to explore a wound or body cavity.
3. An exploratory action, expedition, or device, especially one designed to investigate and obtain information on a remote or unknown region.
4. A substance, such as DNA, that is radioactively labeled or otherwise marked and used to detect or identify another substance in a sample.
5. The act of exploring or searching with or as if with a device or instrument.
6. An investigation into unfamiliar matters or questionable activities; a penetrating inquiry: "He conducted a congressional probe into price fixing."
7. A space probe.
8. To delve into; to investigate.
Probitas laudatur et alget. Criminibus debent hortos praetoria mensas, argentum vetus et stantem extra pocula caprum.
Honesty is praised and left out in the cold. Gardens, palaces, rich tables, old silver, and those embossed goats on the cups; men owe these to their crimes.
From Decimus Iunius (Junius) Iuvenalis (Juvenalis) (c. A.D. 60-117); Saturae, I, 74; who attacked the vices of the plutocrats, the wickedness and immorality of women and foreigners (particularly Greeks), and laments the decline of the ancient aristocratic virtues.
probity
1. Integrity and uprightness; honesty.
2. Complete and confirmed integrity; uprightness.
proof
1. Evidence sufficient to establish a thing as true, or to produce belief in its truth.
2. Anything serving as such evidence.
3. The act of testing or making a trial of anything; a test; a trial.
4. The establishment of the truth of anything; a demonstration.
5. In judicial proceedings, evidence having probative weight.
6. The effect of evidence in convincing one's mind.
7. An arithmetical operation serving to check the correctness of a calculation.
8. A sequence of steps, statements, or demonstrations that leads to a valid conclusion.
9. A test to determine the quality, durability, etc., of materials used in manufacturing.
10. The arbitrary standard strength, as of an alcoholic liquor: "100 proof" signifies a proof spirit, usually 50% alcohol.
11. In photography, a trial print from a negative.
12. A trial printed impression, as of composed type, taken to correct errors and make alterations.
13. A number of early and superior impressions taken before the printing of an ordinary issue.
14. An impression taken from a plate or the like to show the quality or condition of work during the process of execution; a print pulled for examination while working on a plate, block, stone, etc.
15. The state of having been tested and approved.
16. Proven strength, as of armor.
provable
Capable of being demonstrated or proven.
provably
In an obvious and provable manner.
prove, proving
1. To establish the truth or genuineness of, as by evidence or argument.
2. To establish the authenticity or validity of (a will); probate.
3. To give demonstration of by action.
4. To subject to a test, to experiment, a comparison, an analysis, or the like, to determine quality, amount, acceptability, characteristics, etc.
5. To show (oneself) to have the character or ability expected of one; especially, through one's actions.
6. To verify the correctness or validity of by mathematical demonstrations or arithmetical proof.
proved
Established beyond doubt.
Prove has two past participles: proved and proven. Proved is the older form. Proven is a variant.
In the 20th century, proven has made inroads into the territory once dominated by proved, so that now the two forms compete on equal footing as participles; however, when used as an adjective before a noun, proven is now the more common word: "He is a proven talent."
reprobate
1. A morally unprincipled person.
2. Morally unprincipled; shameless.
3. To disapprove of; to condemn.
reprobation
1. Severe disapproval; disreputabl.
2. Strong condemnation or disapproval of somebody or something.