a-, an- +
(Greek: a prefix meaning: no, absence of, without, lack of, not)
These prefixes are normally used with elements of Greek origin, a- is used before consonants and an- is used before vowels.
It affects the meanings of hundreds of words.
There are too many words that use these prefix elements to list all of them on this site; however, there are significant examples listed in this and the other units where they exist.
ablepsia
1. Loss of sight; literally, not seeing.
2. Blindness.
abrachia
Congenital absence of arms; having no arms.
abranchiate
Without gills; no gills.
abrosia
The total lack of food consumption; fasting (no food, not eating).
abulia
1. A disorder marked by the partial or total inability to make decisions.
2. Absence of willpower or "wishpower".
The term implies that a person has a desire to do something, but the desire is without any force, power, or energy.
abysm
1. Without a bottom; bottomless (no bottom).
2. Anything too deep for measurement.
3. An immeasurably profound depth or void; "a bottomless pit".
abysmal
1. Immeasurably deep, severe, or extreme; fathomless.
2. Informal, extremely bad or of very low quality; such as, "abysmal ignorance".
3. Incapable of being measured or even understood; incomprehensible, inscrutable.
4. Etymology: from the year 1656, formed in English from obsolete abysm, "bottomless gulf, greatest depths"; from Old French abisme, from Vulgar Latin abyssimus.
abysmally
In a terrible manner; very bad.
abyss
1. A bottomless pit.
2. Anything too deep or too great to be measured; lowest depth.
3. An immeasurably deep chasm, depth, or void.
4. The primeval chaos out of which it was believed that the earth and sky were formed.
5. The abode of evil spirits; hell, thought of as a bottomless pit.
Strictly speaking, the abyss is a particular zone extending between 3,000 and 6,000 meters (9,840 and 19,680 feet at 3.28 feet per meter) in depth. By extension, the term is also used to designate the deep oceans everywhere.
abyssal
1. Of or inhabiting the depths of the ocean to which light does not penetrate; unfathomable.
2. In oceanography, of or relating to the deepest regions of the ocean and the organisms inhabiting that environment; at depths between 4 000 and 6 000 meters.
abyssal-benthic
In oceanography, of or relating to the ocean floor in the abyssal zone.
abyssobenthic, abyssobenthonic
1. Pertaining to, or found on, the bottom of the ocean at depths exceeding ca. 1 000 meters (British: metres).
2. Living on or in the ocean floor in the abyssal zone or the great depths in the oceans or lakes into which light does not penetrate; commonly used in oceanography of depths between 4 000 and 6 000 meters.
abyssolith
A large mass of intrusive igneous rock having an exposed surface area of more than forty square miles, with no apparent base or floor of older rock. Part of the vocabulary used in the science of petrology.
abyssopelagic
1. A reference to the region of deep water which excludes the ocean floor; floating in the ocean depths. Living in the oceanic water column at depths of between 4,000 and 6,000 meters (metres) [13,120 feet to 19,680 feet], seaward of the shelf-slope break.
2. Of or relating to organisms or phenomena in mid-water, but still at great depths.
acapnia
1. Literally, the absence of carbon dioxide; however, the term is used to indicate less than the normal amount of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues.
Symptoms include depressed respiration, giddiness, paresthesia (abnormal sensation like "burning"), cramps, involuntary contraction of the fingers, and occasionally convulsions.
Acapnea is a misspelling of acapnia.
2. Etymology: from Latin
acapnos, "without smoke"; from Greek
akapnos,
a-, "not" +
kapnos, "smoke" (carbon dioxide).