bio-, bi-, -bia, -bial, -bian, -bion, -biont, -bius, -biosis, -bium, -biotic, -biotical +

Pertaining to, or relating to, ecological relationships and the environment of living organisms: "Bioenvironmental engineers are striving to reduce air and water pollution."

1. The condition in which different formulations of the same drug, or chemical, are equally absorbed when taken into the body.
2. Having the same strength and similar bioavailability in the same dosage form as another specimen of a given drug substance.

Bioequivalence is a function of bioavailability, and the terms are often used synonymously.

Therapeutically equivalent preparations need not be either chemically equivalent or bioequivalent.

Erosion resulting from the direct action of living organisms as with the feeding of epibionts on reefs by urchins and grazing fish which results in scraping off bits of calcium carbonate.

It is believed that the majority of sand-sized particles on reefs probably come from grazing activities.

A liquid fuel consisting of ethanol produced from biomass, capable of being used for the same purposes as light oil.

Someone who studies a field concerned with the ethics and philosophical implications of certain biological and medical procedures, technologies, and treatments; such as, organ transplants, genetic engineering, and the care of the terminally ill.

1. Study of moral problems connected with such issues as euthanasia, surrogate motherhood, genetic engineering, etc.
2. The study of ethical problems involved in biological research; such as, in genetics, organ transplants, and artificial insemination; especially when the application of advanced technology is involved.

A subdivision of a sedimentary unit based on a distinctive assemblage of fossils.

A training technique that enables an individual to gain some element of voluntary control over autonomic body functions; based on the learning principle that a desired response is learned when received information; such as, a recorded increase in skin temperature (feedback) indicates that a specific thought complex or action has produced the desired physiological response.

In theory, a subject can learn to control his internal organs and vital functions; it might therefore be possible for a patient with essential hypertension to learn how to reduce his/her blood pressure.

Biofeedback has been used to control heart rate, blood pressure, migraine head aches, and to relax spastic muscles.

The quality of being lifelike in appearance or responses and often refers to dummies used in safety investigations of motor vehicles or in demonstrations of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A method of cell immobilization in which a microbe population grows in a thin layer of a living or nonliving surface.

A factory employing various processing steps for the production of chemical and fuel products from biomass, including pretreatment, separation, and catalytic and biochemical transformations.

1. A generic term for a group of compounds that are widely distributed in plants and that are concerned with maintenance of a normal state of the walls of small blood vessels.
2. A biologically active compound found in the rinds of citrus fruits and some other plants.

Any of a group of water-soluble yellow compounds, present in citrus fruits, rose hips, and other plants, that in mammals maintain the resistance of capillary walls to permeation and change of pressure.

1. A steam fog caused by contact between very cold air and the warm moist air that surrounds human or animal bodies.
2. A fog, resembling steam fog, produced by the contact of very cold air with the warmth and moisture issuing from animal or human bodies.

The fraudulent manipulation of data in a biological study or survey; such as, when someone "submits false samples of a threatened species".

1. A solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel that is obtained from biological raw material; the conversion is accomplished through thermochemical or biological methods.
2. Gas such as methane or liquid fuel such as ethanol (ethyl alcohol) made from organic waste material, usually by microbial action.
3. A renewable fuel, e.g., biodiesel, biogas, and methane, that is derived from biological matter.
4. Any solid, gaseous, or liquid fuel obtained from biomass; this may be in its natural form (e.g., wood, peat) or a commercially produced form (e.g., ethanol from sugarcane residue, diesel fuel from waste vegetable oils).

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