phreno-, phren-, phreni-, phrenico-, phrenic-, -phrenia, -phrenic, -phrenically

Spasm of the diaphragm, as when hiccuping.

A reference to the connection of the diaphragm and the spleen.

1. Affecting or working through the mind or brain.
2. Exerting its principal effect upon the mind.
3. The term is usually used to describe certain pharmacologic agents, such as psychotomimetics, tranquilizers, and energizers, that have an effect on mental processes.

1. Mental derangement; delirium, or temporary insanity; in later use chiefly the uncontrollable rage or excitement of paroxysm of mania.
2. Agitation or disorder of the mind likened to madness; a state of delirious fury, rage, enthusiasm, or the like; also, wild folly, distraction, craziness.
3. A crazy notion or wild idea; also, a craze or mania for something.
4. Inflammation of the brain.

1. Impairment of mental faculties that are characteristic of old age.
2. Its principal characteristics are marked confusional disorientation, confabulation, mistakes in identity, and agitation without the accomplishment of any objective.

Presbyophrenic confabulations typically show a poverty, monotony, puerility, and naiveté of content. Because ethical conduct is preserved for a relatively long time, the patient is able to fit into limited social contacts, and particularly so since his/her affect tends toward the euphoric and the amiable.

A reference to the period prior to the onset of schizophrenia; such as, a person showing symptoms similar to those observed prior to schizophrenia.

Impairment of mental faculties characteristic of old age.

1. A severe psychiatric disorder with symptoms of emotional instability, detachment from reality, often with delusions and hallucinations, and withdrawal into the self.
2. The term schizophrenia was introduced in 1911 by Eugen Bleuler because neither early onset nor terminal deterioration is an essential feature of the mental disease. Bleuler described the schizophrenias as a slowly progressive deterioration of the entire personality, which involves mainly the affective life, and expresses itself in disorder of feeling, thought and conduct, and a tendency to withdraw from reality.
3. A mental disorder occurring in various forms, all characterized by a breakdown in the relation between thoughts, feelings, and actions; usually with a withdrawal from social activities and the occurrence of delusions and hallucinations.
4. An offensive term for contradictory or conflicting attitudes, behavior, or qualities.

Abnormally rapid mental activity.