a-, ab-, abs- +

(Latin: from, away, away from)

This prefix is normally used with elements of Latin and French origins (abs- usually joins elements beginning with c, q or t).

The form ab- is regularly used before all vowels and h; and it becomes a- before the consonants m, p, and v. The prefix apo- has similar meanings.

This list is a very small sample of the multitude of a-, ab-, abs- prefixes that are available in dictionaries and those in this unit are only meant to be examples.


ab extra; ab ex.
From the outside; from without.
abhor
1. To shrink away from in fear, disgust, or hatred; to detest, to hate.
2. To disapprove of or to reject something very strongly.
ab imo pectore
From the bottom of the breast or chest.

The equivalent of “speaking from the heart” or “sincerely”. It sounds peculiar until you realize that to the Romans the breast (pectus) was the seat both of reason and of the emotions. So to speak ab imo pectore means the same thing as to “speak from the bottom of one’s heart”.

ab inconvenienti
From the inconvenience.

A discomfort, difficulty, or annoyance.

Used in law to state that a position is untenable because of the hardship or inconvenience (difficulty) it would create.

ab incunabulis
From infancy.

This phrase may be translated as “cradle, swaddling clothes, infancy, or origin”. Although ab incunabulis doesn't include a special reference to books, it still often refers to the earliest stage or beginning of something; but most often to books that date back to the period before A.D. 1500, when the use of movable type in printing was in its beginning stage.

ab initio; ab inti
From the beginning.

The Latin equivalent of “from the start” or “from inception”.

ab integro
From the new.

Starting anew or over again; a fresh start.

ab intestato
From or by a person dying intestate, i.e., without a valid will.

A reference to someone who has died and left no will and testament.

ab intra
From within (one's self).

The role of an insider is played out ab intra or "from within" an organization.

ab irato
From an angry man.

Any action taken ab irato is to be understood as arising from anger rather than reason, and responses to such actions should be weighed carefully by reasonable people.

abject
1. Of the most contemptible kind, despicable; such as, "An abject coward".
2. Of the most miserable kind, wretched; such as, "They lived in abject poverty".
3. Etymology: from Latin ab-, "away" + Latin jacere, "to cast, to throw"; literally, "throwing away" or "thrown away".

Origins and development

A transition from the literal to the figurative, and from cause to effect, has occurred in the meaning of abject. Ab, meaning "off", "away" plus jacere, meaning "to throw", were combined in Latin to form abjicere, "to throw away", with a past participle abjectus, "thrown away".

Directly from this source came the English word abject, which was formerly not only an adjective but also a verb meaning "to cast off", "to throw down", and, with a figurative application, "to degrade". It is this latter meaning that survives in the Modern English adjective abject which characterizes someone who has been cast off or degraded and who is therefore low in emotional condition or cast down in spirit.

Picturesque Word Origins; G. & C. Merriam Company;
Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.A; 1933; page 4.
abjure (ab JOOR), abjuring
1. To renounce, reject, or give up rights or allegiance on oath: "The man said he would abjure his citizenship if his country continued with its policies of war instead of negotiating peaceful solutions to international problems."
2. To repudiate, renounce or recant publicly; to disclaim: "He abjured his life of bad eating and drinking habits."
3. To give up (rights, allegiance, etc.) on oath; to renounce; to give up (opinions) publicly; to recant.
ablactation
The weaning of a child from nursing or the cessation of milk secretion.
abluent
1. Serving to cleanse.
2. A cleansing agent; a detergent.
ablution (ab LYOO shuhn)
1. A washing of one’s body; washing, bathing, cleaning, bath, lavation: "Because of the heat, he felt the need for a daily ablution."
2. A washing or cleansing as a religious ceremony of purification; ceremonial washing, ritualistic washing: "After ablutions in the river, the holy man contiued on his journey."

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