zelo-, zel-; zeal- +
(Greek > Latin: ardor, fervor; zealot; zeal; jealousy, jealous)
Etymologically, jealousy and zeal came from the same source. Both originally came from Greek zelos. This passed into post-classical Latin as zelus, which later produced the adjective zelosus. Old French incorporated this as gelos or jelous and passed it on to English.
The Greek word denoted "jealousy" and "fervor, enthusiasm", and it is this strand of meaning that has come down to us as jealous. Jalousie was the French equivalent of jealousy. Most of the words that became distinctive terms for "jealousy" were originally used in a good sense of "zeal" and "emulation".
jealous (formerly zealous)
1. Fearful or wary of being supplanted; apprehensive of losing affection or position.
2. Resentful or bitter in rivalry; envious: jealous of the success of others.
3. Having to do with or arising from feelings of envy, apprehension, or bitterness: jealous thoughts.
4. Vigilant in guarding something: "We are jealous of our family name."
5. Intolerant of disloyalty or infidelity; autocratic.
jealousness, jealously
1. Feeling bitter and unhappy because of another's advantages, possessions, or luck.
2. Feeling suspicious about a rival's or competitor's influence, especially in regard to a loved one.
3. Possessively watchful of something: "He keeps a jealous watch on his research."
4. Demanding exclusive loyalty or adherence; now considered to be archaic.
miszealous
Mistakenly zealous.
overzealous
Marked by excessive enthusiasm for and an intense devotion to a cause or idea; too zealous.
zeal
1. Enthusiastic devotion to a cause, ideal, or goal and tireless diligence in its furtherance.
2. A feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause); ardor, ardour, elan.
3. Excessive fervor to do something or to accomplish some end.
4. Passion; great or extreme enthusiasm.
Passions are fashions.
—Clifton Fadiman
Through zeal, knowledge is gotten, through lack of zeal, knowledge is lost; let a man who knows this double path of gain and loss thus place himself that knowledge may grow.
—Buddha (563?-483? B.C.)
zealatrice, zelatrix
A female zelator.
zealot, zealots
1. Someone who is zealous, especially excessively so.
2. A fanatically committed person.
3. A zealot was a member of a Jewish movement of the first century A.D. that fought against Roman rule in Palestine as incompatible with strict monotheism.
A sect of Jews who originated with Judas the Gaulonite (Acts 5:37). They refused to pay tribute to the Romans, on the ground that this was a violation of the principle that God was the only king of Israel. They rebelled against the Romans, but were soon scattered, and became a lawless band of brigands or bandits. They were afterwards called Sicarii, because of their use of the sica, the Roman dagger.
zealotical
Like, or suitable to, a zealot; ardently zealous.
zealotry
1. Excessive zeal; fanaticism.
2. Excessive intolerance of opposing views.
3. Denotes zeal in excess, referring to cases where activism and ambition in relation to an ideology have become excessive to the point of being harmful to others, oneself, and one's own cause.
While "excess of zeal" may be used to refer to very common and individual instances of excess, zealotry tends to be reserved for cases where excess zeal is shared with others, and has formed, or merged, with some kind of dogma; typically with ideological self-perpetuation as being among its primary foundations.
The recommended use of force and violence to propagate the ideology, is a common characteristic of this kind of self-perpetuation; perhaps inline with the "ends justify the means" rationale.
zealous, zealousness
1. Filled with or motivated by zeal; fervent.
2. Full of, characterized by, or due to zeal; ardently active, devoted, or diligent.
3. Passionate; fanatical; intense.
If people were more zealous and less jealous, this world would be a much better place in which to live.
—Anonymous
zealously
In a zealous manner.
The enthusiasm with which we point out other people's mistakes.
—Evan Esar in Esar's Comic Dictionary
zelator
Someone who is zealous in support or futherance of a cause or movement.
zelophilia
A sexual arousal based on jealousy.
zelophobia
An irrational dread of jealousy.
zelotic, zealotic
Of the nature of a zealot.
Related religious-word units:
church;
dei-, div-;
ecclesi-;
fanati-;
hiero-;
idol-;
-olatry;
theo-.