inter-, intero-
(Latin: between; among, mutually, together; on the inside, internal)
Although abstracted from the many compounds in which it entered English, the form inter- was not generally considered a living prefix in English until the 1400s.
During the later period of Middle English many words borrowed in the Old and Middle French forms entre-, enter- began to be consciously respelled with Latin inter-; although vestiges of the older French borrowings are found in entertain and enterprise.
The living prefix inter- is now freely added to almost any element in English to create such formations with the meaning of "between" and "among". The words formed by intra- are closely related to this inter- prefix; in fact, they both apparently came from the same Latin source.
interference
1. Hindrance or obstruction that prevents a natural or desired outcome.
2. Involvement in something without any invitation or justification.
3. In some sports, the illegal blocking, hindering, or obstruction of an opposing player.
4. In the game of football, the legal blocking of defensive players to protect and make way for the player carrying the ball.
5. A process in light-wave transmission in which two or more waves are superimposed in such a way that they produce higher peaks, lower troughs, or a new wave pattern.
6. The inhibition or prevention of clear reception of broadcast signals or the distorted portion of a received signal.
7. The negative or distorting effect that new learning can have on previous learning or that previous learning can have on new learning.
interferer
1. Anyone who creates a hindrance or obstacle.
2. Someone who intervenes or intrudes in the affairs of others; a meddler.
interferes
Anyone who enters into, or takes part in, the concerns of others; including checking, hampering, hindering, infringing, encroaching, trespassing, disturbing, intervening, intermeddling (improperly interfering), and interposing.
interfering
1. Intruding in a meddling or offensive manner.
2. Deliberately becoming involved in other people's affairs in a way that is neither needed nor welcome.
interferingly
1. Characterized by unwanted, unwarranted, or unnecessary intrusion or meddling.
2. A description of the intervention, without being asked, in the affairs of others and often in an impudent or indiscreet manner.
interferon
1. A protein produced by cells in response to virus infection that inhibits viral replication.
2. A naturally occurring substance that interferes with the ability of viruses to reproduce.
Interferon also boosts the immune system.
There are a number of different interferons. They fall into three main classes: alpha, beta, and gamma.
All are proteins (lymphokines) normally produced by the body in response to infection. The interferons have been synthesized using recombinant DNA technology.
3. Etymology: coined from English
interfere +
-on, a chemical suffix for "particle"; in 1957, by co-discoverers, Scots virologist, Alick Isaacs and Swiss microbiologist, Jean Lindenmann, at the National Institute for Medical Research in London.
The term, interferon, came into use because the protein, or substance, "interferes" with the reduplication of viruses or virus reproduction.
interferons
Representing a family of glycoproteins derived from human cells which normally have a role in fighting viral infections by preventing virus multiplication in cells.
They are secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers and confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions.
Interferon-alpha is made by leucocytes and interferon-gamma by fibroblasts after viral infection.
Interferon-alpha and interferon-beta are also called type I interferons, interferon-gamma as type II interferons, and they are more normally classified as cytokines.
interfluvial
Situated between (the valleys of) adjacent watercourses.
interfoliaceous
interfollicular
Between follicles; as, the interfollicular septa (dividing wall or partition) in a lymphatic (vessel) gland.
interfraternal
Existing or carried on between brothers.
interfulgent
Shining between.
interfuse
1. To mingle, blend, or fuse thoroughly, or to mix two or more things in this way.
2. To intersperse, intermingle, or to permeate with something.
3. To blend or to fuse, one with another.
4. To pour or to pass (something) between, into, or through; to infuse.
interfusion
1. Causing something to permeate or to spread throughout, as a fluid between or among parts, tissues, etc.
2. To intermix or to combine.
intergalactic
Related "together" units:
com-;
greg-;
struct-.
Cross references of word families related directly, or indirectly, to: "internal organs, entrails, inside":
ent-;
enter-;
fistul-;
incret-;
intra-;
splanchn-;
viscer-.